Tinggi atau Pendek? Emangnya Gue Pikirin? Dampak Tinggi Badan Terhadap Social Esteem
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Abstract
Social esteem is the evaluation/appreciation of someone by his/her community. Height is one of the physical attributes that serves as a basis for the assessment of social esteem. However, results from surveys were limitted to theoretical models. This research was keen to know empirically the causal relation between physical height and social esteem. In this within-subject experiment, students (N = 92) were divided randomly into six groups. Manipulation of physical height was conducted through a film show exhibiting a job interview and a medical service. Social esteem was measured by using a semantic differential scale consisting three aspects, normality, capacity, and tenacity. Results of the one way ANOVA show different social esteem scores between the short and the very tall groups, reveiling a tendency of appraisal bias in various social situations.
Social esteem adalah evaluasi/penghargaan terhadap seseorang oleh komunitasnya. Tinggi badan merupakan salah satu atribut fisik yang menjadi dasar penilaian social esteem seseorang. Namun temuan ilmu pengetahuan hingga kini hanya sebatas model teoretik yang diperoleh dari studi survei. Penelitian ini ingin mengetahui secara empiris hubungan kausalitas antara tinggi badan dengan social esteem. Dalam eksperimen within subject design ini digunakan mahasiswa (N = 92) yang dibagi menjadi enam kelompok secara acak. Manipulasi tinggi badan disajikan dalam bentuk tayangan film dengan konteks wawancara kerja dan layanan medis. Social esteem diukur dengan menggunakan skala diferensiasi semantik yang mencakup tiga aspek, yaitu normalitas, kapasitas, dan kegigihan. Hasil pengujian ANOVA satu arah menunjukkan perbedaan skor social esteem pada kelompok aktor bertubuh pendek dan bertubuh sangat tinggi. Hasil tersebut mengungkapkan adanya kecenderungan bias penilaian dalam berbagai situasi sosial.
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