"Black Ideology" dalam Musik: Penelitian Deskriptif Sikap Musisi Black Metal Jawa Timur Terhadap Ideologi Setanisme, Nihilisme, dan Paganisme
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Abstract
Black metal is one of the metal music genre that is strongly connected with extreme ideologies such as Satanism, Nihilism, and Paganism. This research is keen to explore descriptively the East Java black metal musician’s attitude (as a predisposition of berhavior) toward these three ideologies. This quantitative-descriptive research adopts the Likert scale to measure attitude. Data were collected through a survey toward East Java black metal musicians (N = 60) and interviews to 5 of them for additional information. Result indicates in average the musicians refuse the three ideologies, and disclosed negative attitude toward Satanism and Nihilism, whereas toward Paganism they tend to be neutral. Subjects’ attitudes are influenced by belief involving religion and culture, particularly Javanese culture. The finding reflects the influence of these ideologies on cognitive, affective, and conative aspects of the subjects. Informal interviews reveal additional information on the black metal music adaptation in East Java.
Musik black metal merupakan salah satu aliran musik metal yang berkaitan erat dengan ideologi ekstrem seperti Setanisme, Nihilisme, dan Paganisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui deskripsi sikap (sebagai predisposisi perilaku) musisi black metal di Jawa Timur terhadap ketiga ideologi tersebut. Penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif pengukuran sikap ini menggunakan skala Likert. Data diperoleh melalui survey terhadap 60 musisi black metal di Jawa Timur dan wawancara sebagai penggalian informasi tambahan dengan 5 subjek. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata musisi black metal Jawa Timur menolak ketiga ideologi tersebut dan bersikap negatif terhadap ideologi Setanisme dan Nihilisme, sedangkan sikap terhadap Paganisme cenderung netral. Kemunculan sikap subjek dipengaruhi oleh adanya unsur kepercayaan yang meliputi agama dan budaya, khususnya budaya Jawa. Temuan ini memperlihatkan pengaruh ketiga ideologi pada aspek kognitif, afektif, dan konatif subjek. Melalui wawancara informal ditemukan pula informasi tambahan mengenai deskripsi adaptasi musik black metal di Jawa Timur.
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