Kristalisasi Persepsi Terhadap Pribumi Pada Perempuan Tradisional Tionghoa: Sebuah Life History
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Abstract
Using the life history method with interpretive paradigm, this research aims to reveal the Chinese identity and their perception to pribumi from a traditional Indonesian Chinese woman per- spective. The informant is an Indonesian Chinese woman born in Tanjung Balai, North Sumatra, 1944, who suffered during several riots and discriminative policies that oppress the Chinese popula- tion. This study was based on Erik H. Erikson’s contemporary psychoanalytic theory. The result re- veals that perception to pribumi was formed by earlier generations, than reshaped by consequent un- pleasant events with pribumi. This perception then constructed powerless and passive outsider identi- ty of Indonesian Chinese to adapt and survive with the conditions, causing stronger reliance to ingroup. Consequently, such perception and identity were transmitted to the next generations.
Dengan menggunakan metode life history dan paradigma interpretif, penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap identitas Tionghoa dan persepsi pada pribumi dari perspektif seorang perempuan Tionghoa tradisional. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah seorang perempuan Tionghoa kelahiran Tanjung Balai, Sumatera Utara, 1944 yang mengalami beberapa kali kerusuhan dan kebijakan diskriminatif yang menyudutkan orang Tionghoa. Teori Psikoanalitik Kontemporer Erik H. Erikson digunakan sebagai teori utama. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa persepsi pada pribumi merupakan hasil warisan dari generasi sebelumnya, kemudian terpoles oleh pengalaman buruk dengan pribumi yang konsisten. Persepsi ini kemudian mengonstruksi identitas Tionghoa sebagai pendatang yang tidak berdaya dan pasif sebagai jalan menyesuaikan diri dan bertahan dengan keadaan, sehingga akhirnya memperkuat ketergantungan pada ingroup. Seterusnya persepsi dan identitas ini diwariskan pada generasi berikutnya.
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