https://journal.ubaya.ac.id/index.php/saintek <p align="justify"><strong>Keluwih: Jurnal Sain</strong><strong>s</strong><strong> dan Teknologi&nbsp;</strong>is an online, open access, and peer-reviewed journal. JST publishes two issues per year: in February (covering February-July) and in August (covering August-January). This journal is to provide a forum for the sharing, dissemination, and discussion of original research, case studies, and critical reviews in the fields of science and technology including biotechnology. This focus and scopes include, but are not limited to subjects in industrial engineering, informatics, electrical engineering, manufacture, environmental issues, renewable energi, chemistry and chemical engineering, product design &amp; management, and fashion design &amp; lifestyle products.</p> <p align="justify"><strong>eISSN:&nbsp;</strong>2721-2432</p> Direktorat Penerbitan dan Publikasi Ilmiah, Universitas Surabaya en-US Keluwih: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi 2721-2432 <ul> <li class="show" style="text-align: justify;">Articles published in Keluwih: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi are licensed under a <a title="CC BY SA" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International</a> license. You are free to copy, transform, or redistribute articles for any lawful purpose in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the journal, link to the license, indicate if changes were made, and redistribute any derivative work under the same license.</li> <li class="show" style="text-align: justify;">Copyright on articles is retained by the respective author(s), without restrictions. A non-exclusive license is granted to&nbsp;Keluwih: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi to publish the article and identify itself as its original publisher, along with the commercial right to include the article in a hardcopy issue for sale to libraries and individuals.</li> <li class="show" style="text-align: justify;">By publishing in Keluwih: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi, authors grant any third party the right to use their article to the extent provided by the <a title="CC BY SA" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International</a> license.</li> </ul> https://journal.ubaya.ac.id/index.php/saintek/article/view/6424 <p style="text-align: justify;"><em><strong>Abstract</strong>—The pillarization process of natural bentonite from Pacitan, East Java has been carried out using the metal species Si in Na-silicate and TEOS. The pillarization process is carried out using direct pillarization and indirect pillarization methods. In this research, the number of moles of metal pillaring agent used was 5 mmol/gram bentonite. The pillarization process is carried out by mixing the natural bentonite suspension and pillaring agent at a temperature of 80^oC and stirring for 5 hours using a hot plate stirrer. Pillars were formed in the calcination and oxidation stages at a temperature of 500^oC using N₂ and O₂ gas flows for 1 hour and 5 hours respectively. The resulting material was characterized using the FTIR spectroscopy method, X-ray diffraction and N₂ gas adsorption using the BET method. The characterization results show that TEOS species can form better and more homogeneous pore structures compared to silicate species. The direct pillarization method provides better and more homogeneous pillar heights compared to the indirect pillarization method. However, the pore size obtained is still on the micropore size scale observed using the N₂ gas adsorption method with the BET method.</em></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em>Keyword</em><em>s:</em></strong> <em>pillarization, si, teos, bentonite</em></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Abstrak</strong>—Telah dilakukan proses pilarisasi bentonit alam asal Pacitan, Jawa Timur menggunakan spesies logam Si dalam Na-silikat dan TEOS. Proses pilarisasi yang dilakukan menggunakan metode pilarisasi langsung dan pilarisasi tidak langsung. Pada penelitian ini jumlah mol logam <em>pillaring agent </em>yang digunakan adlah 5 mmol/gram bentonit. Proses pilarisasi dilakukan dengan mencampurkan suspensi bentonit alam dan <em>pillaring agent</em> pada suhu 80^oC dan diaduk selama 5 jam menggunakan <em>hot plate stirrer</em>. Pilar dibentuk pada tahap kalsinasi dan oksidasi pada suhu 500^oC menggunakan aliran gas N₂ dan O₂ masing-masing selama 1 jam dan 5 jam. Material yang dihasilkan dikarakterisasi menggunakan metode spektroskopi FTIR, difraksi sinar-X dan adsorpsi gas N₂ dengan metode BET. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa spesies TEOS dapat membentuk struktur pori lebih baik dan lebih homogen dibandingkan dengan spesies silikat. Metode plarisasi langsung memberikan tinggi pilar lebih baik dan lebih homogen dibandingkan dengan metode pilarisasi tidak langsung. Namun demikian ukuran pori yang diperoleh masih dalam skala ukuran mikropori yang diamati menggunakan metode adsorpsi gas N₂ dengan metode BET.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em>Kata kunci:</em></strong> <em>pilarisasi, si, teos, bentonit</em></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><em>&nbsp;</em></p> Restu Kartiko Widi Emma Savitri Copyright (c) 2025 Restu Kartiko Widi, Emma Savitri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 2025-02-01 2025-02-01 6 1 1 11 10.24123/saintek.v6i1.6424 https://journal.ubaya.ac.id/index.php/saintek/article/view/7760 <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Abstract</strong>—Banana peel is food waste material that may contain certain beneficial nutrition and be useful for bacterial media production. This experiment aims to determine the effect of several variables which may have influence on the ability of banana peel to support probiotic growth. The thermal treatment used autoclave. In the hydrolysis step for probiotic growth, the variables studied were pH and temperature. The best result of hydrolysis was obtained by the initial steam treatment, followed by hydrolysis process at pH 4.5 and 95^oC. The reducing sugar content obtained was 0.96 g/L. In the fermentation process, pure banana peel hydrolysate media was able produces to support <em>Lactobacillus plantarum</em> growth better than mixed media. The pure banana peel hydrolysate media could achieve up to 12.89 log CFU/ml. The amylase activity produced in the pure banana peel hydrolysate media was 8.14 DP.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Keywords:</strong> banana, probiotic, hydrolysis, growth, amylase</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Abstrak</strong>—Kulit pisang merupakan bahan limbah yang memiliki kandungan nutrisi menguntungkan dan berguna untuk produksi media pertumbuhan bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan pengaruh beberapa variabel yang dapat mempengaruhi kulit pisang untuk mendukung pertumbuhan probiotik. Kulit pisang tersebut diolah melalui hidrolisis enzimatik menggunakan enzim amylase termofilik. Variabel sebelum proses hidrolisis adalah penggunaan pengolahan termal menggunakan uap air dan tanpa pengolahan. Pada langkah hidrolisis, variabel yang dipelajari adalah pH dan suhu. Hasil hidrolisa terbaik adalah dengan penggunaan pengolahan awal dengan uap air diikuti dengan hidrolisis pada pH 4,5 dan suhu 95^oC. Kandungan gula pereduksi yang diperoleh sebesar 0,96 g/L. Pada proses fermentasi, media dari hidrolisat kulit pisang murni dapat menghasilkan pertumbuhan <em>Lactobacillus plantarum</em> sampai 12,89 log CFU/mL. Aktivitas amylase yang dihasilkan dari media hidrolisat kulit pisang tersebut adalah 8,14 DP.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Keywords:</strong> pisang, probiotic, hydrolysis, growth, amylase</p> Akbarningrum Fatmawati Endang Srihari Puguh Setyopratomo Rudy Agustriyanto Copyright (c) 2025 Akbarningrum Fatmawati, Endang Srihari, Puguh Setyopratomo, Rudy Agustriyanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 2025-07-28 2025-07-28 6 1 10.24123/saintek.v6i1.7760