Komitmen Organisasi Karyawan dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB)
DOI:
Abstract Views:
545 times
PDF Downloads:
416 times
Abstract
Abstract—Commitment is an important and fundamental form in which the concept is widely used in the assessment of individual attitudes in various environments, including universities. In several previous studies, it had been found that there was a relationship between organizational commitment and OCB, where the higher the organizational commitment, the higher the OCB. This analytic observational study used a cross-sectional design to analyze the effect of organizational commitment on employees’ OCB at Surabaya University. A total sample of 190 permanent employees (non-lecturers) was collected from 27 work units at Surabaya University. Quota sampling was used for sample selection. Collecting data using a questionnaire containing the scale of organizational commitment and OCB. This study indicated that majority of employees had moderate organizational commitment and OCB. Simultaneously, multiple linear regression analysis showed that both organizational commitment and demographic characteristics had a significant effect on OCB. Partially, normative commitment and education level had a significant and positive influence on OCB. Employees’ OCB was more influenced by normative commitment than by education level. The results of this study are important as an input for the organization to pay more attention to these two aspects in improving its employees’ OCB.
Keywords: employees, organizational citizenship behavior, organizational commitment
Abstrak—Komitmen merupakan bentuk yang penting dan mendasar yang mana konsep tersebut banyak digunakan dalam penilaian sikap individu di berbagai lingkungan, termasuk juga lingkungan perguruan tinggi. Dalam beberapa penelitian terdahulu, telah ditemukan adanya hubungan antara komitmen organisasi dan OCB, dimana semakin tinggi komitmen organisasi, maka akan semakin tinggi pula OCB yang dimiliki. Penelitian yang bersifat analitik observasional dengan rancang bangun cross-sectional ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh komitmen organisasi terhadap OCB karyawan di Universitas Surabaya. Sejumlah 190 orang karyawan tetap (non dosen) dari 27 unit kerja di Universitas Surabaya menjadi sampel penelitian ini. Metode pemilihan sampel yang digunakan adalah quota sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner yang berisikan skala komitmen organisasi dan OCB. Mayoritas karyawan memiliki komitmen organisasi dan OCB tingkat sedang. Secara simultan, analisis regresi linier berganda menunjukkan baik komitmen organisasi maupun karakteristik demografi memiliki pengaruh yang bermakna terhadap OCB. Secara parsial, komitmen normatif maupun tingkat pendidikan memiliki pengaruh yang bermakna dan positif terhadap OCB. OCB karyawan lebih dipengaruhi oleh komitmen normatif daripada tingkat pendidikan. Hasil penelitian ini penting sebagai bahan masukan bagi organisasi agar lebih memperhatikan kedua aspek tersebut dalam meningkatkan OCB karyawannya.
Kata kunci: karyawan, komitmen organisasi, organizational citizenship behavior
Downloads
References
Bolat, OI & Bolat, T 2008, 'Otel işletmelerinde orgütsel bağlılık ve orgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı ilişkisi', Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, vol 11, no. 19, pp. 75-94. Retrieved from: http://dergipark.gov.tr/download/article-file/235282
Djati, SP & Rini, WA 2011, 'Penerapan organizational citizenship behavior dalam manajemen sumber daya manusia pada perguruan tinggi', Jurnal Mitra Ekonomi dan Manajemen Bisnis, vol 2, no. 2, pp. 259-272. Retrieved from: http://idei.or.id/download/penerapan-organizational-citizenship-behavior-dalam-manajemen-sumber-daya-manusia-pada-perguruan-tinggi/
Greenberg, J & Baron, RA 2008, 'Participative decision making and organizational commitment comparing nigerian and american employees, cross cultural management', An International Journal, vol 17, no. 4. Retrieved from: http://ejournal.uajy.ac.id/2634/6/5EM16565.pdf
Jaros, S 2007, 'Meyer and Allen model of organizational commitment: measurement issues', The Icfai Journal of Organizational Behavior, vol 6, no. 4, pp. 7-25. Retrieved from: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/7546/2d9094b420466ad68c404527c7b6cb38d040.pdf
Javanmard, S, Mo’tamedi, A & Pirmorad, T 2014, 'The survey of the nurses’ organizational citizenship behavior according to the generativity moderating-role: a developmental approach', The Journal of Behavioral Sciences, vol 8, no. 4, pp. 355-363. Retrieved from: http://www.ijmrhs.com/medical-research/the-relationship-between-organizational-commitment-components-and-organizational-citizenship-behavior-in-nursing-staff.pdf
Karolidis, D 2016, 'Organizational citizenship behavior in the greek public sector', A thesis, University of Macedonia. Retrieved from: https://dspace.lib.uom.gr/bitstream/2159/18829/6/KarolidisDimitriosMsc2016.pdf
Kumar, MM & Shah, SA 2015, 'Psychometric properties of podsakoff's organizational citizenship behaviour scale in the asian context', The International Journal of Indian Psychology, vol 3, no. 9, pp. 51-60. Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mohd_Kumar2/publication/317664724_Psychometric_Properties_of_Podsakoff%27s_Organizational_Citizenship_Behaviour_Scale_in_the_Asian_Context/links/594815a2458515db1fd6ef22/Psychometric-Properties-of-Podsakoffs-Organizational-Citizenship-Behaviour-Scale-in-the-Asian-Context.pdf?origin=publication_detail
Kurniawan, A 2015, 'Pengaruh komitmen organisasi terhadap organizational citizenship behavior (ocb) PT X Bandung', Jurnal Manajemen, vol 15, no. 1, pp. 95-118. Retrieved from: http://majour.maranatha.edu/index.php/jurnal-manajemen/article/view/1452
Ma’arif, S 2015, 'Komitmen organisasi lembaga pendidikan islam', Prosiding Halaqoh Nasional & Seminar Internasional Pendidikan Islam, Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Keguruan UIN Sunan Ampel, Surabaya. Retrieved from: digilib.uinsby.ac.id/6505/2/26.%20Komitmen%20Organisasi.pdf
Mahnaz, MA, Mehdi, M, Jafar, KM & Abbolghasem, P 2013, 'The effect of demographic characteristics on organizational citizenship behavior in the selected teaching hospitals in tehran', African Journal of Business Management, vol 7, no. 34, pp. 3324-3331. Retrieved from: http://www.academicjournals.org/article/article1380701466_Mahnaz%20et%20al.pdf
Ng, TW & Feldman, DC 2009, 'How broadly does education contribute to job performance?', Personnel Psychology, vol 62, no. 1, pp. 89-134. Retrieved from: https://dspace.lib.uom.gr/bitstream/2159/18829/6/KarolidisDimitriosMsc2016.pdf
Olorunniwo, F, Hsu, MK & Udo, GF 2006, 'Service quality, customer satisfaction, and behaviour intentions in the service factory', Journal of Service Marketing, vol 20, no. 1, pp. 59-72. Retrieved from: http://fportfolio.petra.ac.id/user_files/91-023/OCB-SERVICE%20JOURNAL-S.Pantja.Djati.doc.
Rahmawati, T & Prasetya, A 2017, 'Analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi organizational citizenship behavior (ocb) pada karyawan tetap dan karyawan kontrak', Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis (JAB), vol 48, no. 1, pp. 97-106. Retrieved from: https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/88095-ID-analisisfaktor-faktor-yang-mempengaruhi.pdf
Ramli 2008, 'Back to the future', Campus, vol 2, no. 1. Retrieved from: http://idei.or.id/download/penerapan-organizational-citizenship-behavior-dalam-manajemen-sumber-daya-manusia-pada-perguruan-tinggi/
Salajagheh, S, Safdaryan, A & Kheyri, B 2014, 'The relationship between the organizational commitment components and the pestle’s model factors from the perspective of the individuals eligible for physicians and paramedics military service obligations in isfahan medical sciences university (a strategic approach)', The Journal of Health System Studies, vol 1, no. 10, pp. 30-38. Retrieved from: http://www.ijmrhs.com/medical-research/the-relationship-between-organizational-commitment-components-and-organizational-citizenship-behavior-in-nursing-staff.pdf
Sena, TF 2011, 'Variabel antiseden organizational citizenship behavior (ocb)', Jurnal Dinamika Manajemen, vol 2, no. 1, pp. 70-77. Retrieved from: https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/Manajemen/article/view/21930/14751
Supriyanto, S & Djohan, AJ 2011, Metodologi riset bisnis dan kesehatan, PT Grafika Wangi Kalimantan, Banjarbaru.
Suwandewi, NN & Sintaasih, DK 2016, 'Keadilan organisasional dan komitmen organisasional: efeknya pada organizational citizenship behavior', E-Jurnal Manajemen Unud, vol 5, no. 7, pp. 4453-4485. Retrieved from: https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/Manajemen/article/view/21930/14751
Syauta, JH, Eka, AT, Margono, S & Solimun 2012, 'The influence of organizational culture, organizational commitment to job satisfaction and employee performance', International Journal of Business and Management Invention, vol 1, no. 1, pp. 69-76. Retrieved from: http://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/mkmi/article/view/1982/pdf
Wolowska, A 2014, 'Determinants of organizational commitment', Human Resources Management & Ergonomics, vol 8, no. 1, pp. 129-146. Retrieved from: https://frcatel.fri.uniza.sk/hrme/files/2014/2014_1_10.pdf
Wulandari, P 2015, 'Pengaruh kepuasan kerja dan komitmen organisasi terhadap organizational citizenship behavior perawat rumah sakit islam yogyakarta', (Skripsi, tidak diterbitkan), Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. Retrieved from: http://eprints.uny.ac.id/14889/1/SKRIPSI.pdf
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
- Articles published in Keluwih: Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International license. You are free to copy, transform, or redistribute articles for any lawful purpose in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the journal, link to the license, indicate if changes were made, and redistribute any derivative work under the same license
- Copyright on articles is retained by the respective author(s), without restrictions. A non-exclusive license is granted to Kluwih: Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora to publish the article and identify itself as its original publisher, along with the commercial right to include the article in a hardcopy issue for sale to libraries and individuals.
- By publishing in Keluwih: JSH, authors grant any third party the right to use their article to the extent provided by the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International license.
Digital Object Identifier
Mendeley
