Komitmen Organisasi Karyawan dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB)
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Abstract
Abstract—Commitment is an important and fundamental form in which the concept is widely used in the assessment of individual attitudes in various environments, including universities. In several previous studies, it had been found that there was a relationship between organizational commitment and OCB, where the higher the organizational commitment, the higher the OCB. This analytic observational study used a cross-sectional design to analyze the effect of organizational commitment on employees’ OCB at Surabaya University. A total sample of 190 permanent employees (non-lecturers) was collected from 27 work units at Surabaya University. Quota sampling was used for sample selection. Collecting data using a questionnaire containing the scale of organizational commitment and OCB. This study indicated that majority of employees had moderate organizational commitment and OCB. Simultaneously, multiple linear regression analysis showed that both organizational commitment and demographic characteristics had a significant effect on OCB. Partially, normative commitment and education level had a significant and positive influence on OCB. Employees’ OCB was more influenced by normative commitment than by education level. The results of this study are important as an input for the organization to pay more attention to these two aspects in improving its employees’ OCB.
Keywords: employees, organizational citizenship behavior, organizational commitment
Abstrak—Komitmen merupakan bentuk yang penting dan mendasar yang mana konsep tersebut banyak digunakan dalam penilaian sikap individu di berbagai lingkungan, termasuk juga lingkungan perguruan tinggi. Dalam beberapa penelitian terdahulu, telah ditemukan adanya hubungan antara komitmen organisasi dan OCB, dimana semakin tinggi komitmen organisasi, maka akan semakin tinggi pula OCB yang dimiliki. Penelitian yang bersifat analitik observasional dengan rancang bangun cross-sectional ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh komitmen organisasi terhadap OCB karyawan di Universitas Surabaya. Sejumlah 190 orang karyawan tetap (non dosen) dari 27 unit kerja di Universitas Surabaya menjadi sampel penelitian ini. Metode pemilihan sampel yang digunakan adalah quota sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner yang berisikan skala komitmen organisasi dan OCB. Mayoritas karyawan memiliki komitmen organisasi dan OCB tingkat sedang. Secara simultan, analisis regresi linier berganda menunjukkan baik komitmen organisasi maupun karakteristik demografi memiliki pengaruh yang bermakna terhadap OCB. Secara parsial, komitmen normatif maupun tingkat pendidikan memiliki pengaruh yang bermakna dan positif terhadap OCB. OCB karyawan lebih dipengaruhi oleh komitmen normatif daripada tingkat pendidikan. Hasil penelitian ini penting sebagai bahan masukan bagi organisasi agar lebih memperhatikan kedua aspek tersebut dalam meningkatkan OCB karyawannya.
Kata kunci: karyawan, komitmen organisasi, organizational citizenship behavior
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