Mekanisme Pengaduan Oleh Committee Against Torture Terkait Tindakan Penyiksaan dan Perlakuan yang Merendahkan Martabat Manusia
DOI:
Abstract Views:
1449 times
PDF Downloads:
1132 times
Abstract
This research aims to analyze the form of complaints mechanism by the Committee Against Torture. This research is a study that uses normative legal research by collecting secondary data. Data collection is done using the library study method by collecting legal materials and information in the form of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. In order to get a clear explanation, the data is then arranged systematically and analyzed using descriptive methods. The results of this research indicate that torture is an act carried out by causing pain or suffering. The United Nations General Assembly then established the Convention against Torture which is believed to be able to specifically monitor multilateral instruments for the protection of torture and other inhuman treatment. Furthermore, related to the complaints mechanism regulated by the Anti-Torture Committee that complaints procedures in international law generally refer to a formal legal process whereby a person or group of people submit a complaint to an international legal entity to reveal that their human rights have been violated in a particular case. The Committee has a mandate related to the assessment of complaints filed by participating countries that have recognized the authority of the Committee, individuals and the Committee can conduct fact-finding if it has reliable information about the occurrence of systematic torture in one of the participating countries.
Keywords : “Torture”, “Convention Against Torture”, “Committee Against Torture”
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis mekanisme pengaduan yang dilakukan oleh Committee Against Torture. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif yang dilengkapi data sekunder. Metode penelitian menggunakan studi pustaka dengan mengumpulkan bahan hukum dan informasi berupa bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Untuk mendapatkan penjelasan yang jelas, data kemudian disusun secara sistematis dan dianalisis menggunakan metode deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penyiksaan merupakan tindakan yang dilakukan dengan menimbulkan rasa sakit atau penderitaan. Majelis Umum Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa kemudian membentuk Konvensi Menentang Penyiksaan yang diyakini mampu secara khusus memantau instrumen multilateral untuk perlindungan penyiksaan dan perlakuan tidak manusiawi lainnya. Lebih lanjut, terkait mekanisme pengaduan yang diatur oleh Committee Against Torture bahwa prosedur pengaduan dalam hukum internasional pada umumnya mengacu pada proses hukum formil dimana seseorang atau sekelompok orang mengajukan pengaduan ke badan hukum internasional untuk mengungkapkan bahwa hak asasi mereka telah dilanggar dalam kasus tertentu. Komite memiliki mandat terkait dengan penilaian pengaduan yang diajukan oleh negara peserta yang telah mengakui kewenangan Komite, individu dan Komite dapat melakukan pencarian fakta jika memiliki informasi yang dapat dipercaya tentang terjadinya penyiksaan sistematis di salah satu negara peserta.
Kata kunci: Penyiksaan; Konvensi Menentang Penyiksaan; Committee Against Torture
Downloads
References
Dijk, Pieter Van et. al. (2006). Theory and Practice of the European Convention on Human Rights. Antwerpen: Intersentia.
Gardner, Bryan A. (2004). Black’s Law Dictionary. Dallas: Thomson West.
Iskandar, Pranoto. (2012). Hukum HAM Internasional Sebuah Pengantar Kontekstual. Cianjur: IMR Press.
Kordi, M. Ghufran H. K. (2013). HAM Tentang Perbudakan, Peradilan, Kejahatan Kemanusiaan & Perang. Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu.
Qc, Malcolm N. Shaw. (2013). Hukum Internasional. Bandung: Nusa Media.
Smith, Rhona K. M. (2010). Textbook on International Human Rights. New York: Oxford University Press.
Sefriani. (2011). Hukum Internasional Suatu Pengantar. Jakarta: RajaGrafindo Persada.
Wiranata, Agung Yudha. (2005). Konvensi Anti Penyiksaan. Jakarta: Lembaga Studi dan Advokasi Masyarakat.
Peraturan Perundang-Undangan dan Instrumen Internasional
Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 5 Tahun 1998 Tentang Pengesahan Konvensi Menentang Penyiksaan Dan Perlakuan Atau Penghukuman Lain Yang Kejam, Tidak Manusiawi, Atau Merendahkan Martabat Manusia (Convention Against Torture And Other, Cruel, Inhuman Or Degrading Treatment Or Punishment).
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. Adopted and opened for signature, ratification and accession by General Assembly resolution 39/46 of 10 December 1984 entry into force 26 June 1987, in accordance with article 27 (1).
Artikel Jurnal
Aldo Rico Geraldi. (2017). Yuridical Analysis To The Concept Of Exclusive Economic Zones And Continental Shelf Relating To The Island Of Senkaku / Diaoyu Between Japan And China Based On The United Nations Convention On The Law Of The Sea 1982. Jurnal Komunikasi Hukum, 3(2): 1-17 ISSN: 2407-4276
Aldo Rico Geraldi. (2017). Penyelesaian Sengketa Investasi Melalui International Centre For Settlement Of Investment Dispute (Studi Kasus Pemerintah Indonesia Vs Churchill Mining). Tanjungpura Law Journal, 1(2): 89-113 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/tlj.v1i2.24252.
Ratna Artha Windari dan Aldo Rico Geraldi. (2017). Kedaulatan Dan Suksesi Negara Terkait Dengan Asas Pacta Tertiis Nec Nocent Nec Prosunt Dalam Hal Pemisahan Timor Timur Dari Wilayah Republik Indonesia. Arena Hukum, 10(3): 480-502 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.arenahukum.2017.01003.8.
Artikel Internet
Fact Sheet No.17. The Committee Against Torture, Introduction. Available online from: http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Publications/FactSheet17en.pdf. [Accessed May 18, 2020].
Fact Sheet No.17. The Committee Against Torture, A Monitoring Body. Available online from: http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Publications/FactSheet17en.pdf. [Accessed May 18, 2020].
Fact Sheet No.17. The Committee Against Torture, The Committee At Work. Available online from: http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Publications/FactSheet17en.pdf. [Accessed May 18, 2020].
Fact Sheet No.17. The Committee Against Torture, Powers of investigation of the Committee. Available online from: http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Publications/FactSheet17en.pdf. [Accessed May 18, 2020].
Fact Sheet No.17. The Committee Against Torture, Individual Complaints. Available online from: http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Publications/FactSheet17en.pdf. [Accessed May 18, 2020].
Institute for Policy Research and Advocacy. Optional Protocol Convention Againts Torture. Available online from: http://www.elsam.or.id/new/?act=view&id=306&cat=c/6024&lang=en. [Accessed May 18, 2020].
United Nations Human Rights. Committee Against Torture. Available online from: http://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/CAT/Pages/CATIndex.aspx. [Accessed May 18, 2020].
United Nations Human Rights. Status of Ratification Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. Available online from: http://indicators.ohchr.org/. [Accessed May 18, 2020].
World Medical Association. Declaration guidelines for medical doctors concerning torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment in relation to detention and imprisonment. Available online from: https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-tokyo-guidelines-for-physicians-concerning-torture-and-other-cruel-inhuman-or-degrading-treatment-or-punishment-in-relation-to-detention-and-imprisonment/. [Accessed May 18, 2020].
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
All articles published in YUSTIKA are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA) license. This means anyone is free to copy, transform, or redistribute articles for any lawful purpose in any medium, provided they give appropriate attribution to the original author(s) and YUSTIKA, link to the license, indicate if changes were made, and redistribute any derivative work under the same license.
Copyright on articles is retained by the respective author(s), without restrictions. A non-exclusive license is granted to YUSTIKA to publish the article and identify itself as its original publisher, along with the commercial right to include the article in a hardcopy issue for sale to libraries and individuals.
Although the conditions of the CC BY-SA license don't apply to authors (as the copyright holder of your article, you have no restrictions on your rights), by submitting to YUSTIKA, authors recognize the rights of readers, and must grant any third party the right to use their article to the extent provided by the license.
.jpg)
