ANALISIS TINGKAT HEALTH LITERACY DAN PENGETAHUAN PASIEN HIPERTENSI DI PUSKESMAS KABUPATEN MALANG

Dobby Herman Soemitro

Dobby Herman Soemitro Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Surabaya

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Keywords: Health literacy, knowledge, Hypertension

Abstract

Tingkat health literacy dan pengetahuan pasien hipertensi suatu wilayah sangat penting untuk diketahui, karena hal tersebut berbeda pada tiap wilayah. Hal ini dibutuhkan terutama dalam penentuan peningkatan layanan kesehatan yang dibutuhkan pasien. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan analisis tingkat health literacy dan pengetahuan pasien hipertensi di puskesmas Kabupaten Malang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian non eksperimantal yang dilaksanakan dengan metode cross sectional design (belah lintang) dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data pengisian kuisioner REALM-R (the Rapid Estimate for Adult Literacy in Medicine-Revised) untuk mengetahui tingkat health literacy dan kuisioner pengetahuan tentang penyakit kronis (hipertensi) untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan pasien hipertensi. Dari penelitian yang dilakukan, diperoleh hasil bahwa sekitar 34,65% pasien hipertensi di puskesmas Kabupaten Malang memiliki tingkat health literacy yang baik (Good Literacy), sedangkan sekitar 65,35% memiliki tingkat health literacy yang buruk (Poor Literacy). Dan sekitar 68,32% pasien hipertensi memiliki pengetahuan yang baik (Adequate), dan 31,68% pasien hipertensi memiliki pengetahuan yang cukup (Marginal), sedangkan tidak terdapat pasien yang memiliki pengetahuan yang buruk (Inadequate). Di puskesmas Kabupaten Malang, tingkat health literacy pasien hipertensi adalah buruk, sedangkan tingkat pengetahuan pasien hipertensi adalah baik.

The level of health literacy and knowledge of hypertensive patients of a region is very important to know, because it different on each region. This is particularly needed in the determination of the increase in health care services needed of patients. Therefore, carried an analysis of the level of health literacy and knowledge of hypertensive patients in community health centers of Malang Regency. This research represent research non eksperimantal conducted with cross sectional design method by using the technique of data collection of filling the questionnaire of REALM-R (the Rapid Estimate for Adult Literacy in Medicine-Revised) to determine the level of health literacy and the questionnaire of knowledge of chronic disease (hypertension) for determine the level of knowledge of hypertensive patients. From the research conducted, the results showed that approximately 34.65% of hypertensive patients in community health centers of Malang regency has a good level of health literacy (Good Literacy), while about 65.35% had poor levels of health literacy (Poor Literacy). And approximately 68.32% of hypertensive patients have a good knowledge (Adequate), and 31.68% of hypertensive patients have a enough knowledge (Marginal), while there were no of patients who had poor knowledge (Inadequate). In community health centers of Malang Regency, the levels of health literacy of hypertensive patients is poor, while the levels of knowledge of hypertensive patients is good.

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