Pembuatan Keju Lunak Kacang Merah (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) dengan Proses Fermentasi Menggunakan Lactobacillus Acidophillus

Abstract

Abstrak- Kacang Merah (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) memiliki protein setara dengan kacang hijau dan kadar lemaknya jauh lebih rendah dibandingkan kacang kedelai dan kacang tanah. Pemanfaatan kacang merah belum terlalu banyak dalam bidang pangan di Indonesia, biasanya kacang merah hanya direbus saja dan dijadikan topping dalam makanan. Keju lunak (softcheese) kacang merah dapat menjadi inovasi pangan baru yang dapat dinikmati oleh semua kalangan terutama untuk penderita lactose intolerant. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pembuatan keju dengan variasi perbandingan kacang merah : air sebanyak 1:3, 1:4 dan 1:5 (b/v) dan diuji kadar proteinnya. Perbandingan 1:3 memiliki kadar protein paling tinggi kemudian dilakukan inkubasi pada susu kacang merah yaitu 4 jam, 6 jam dan 8 jam. Softcheese terbaik memiliki kandungan protein sebesar 6,05%, lemak 0,36% dan kadar air sebanyak 76,27%. Selain itu, diamati pula kandungan gula total, gula reduksi, asam laktat, pH sebelum dan sesudah proses fermentasi, dimana gula total, gula reduksi dan pH menurun, sedangkan kadar asam laktat mengalami kenaikan. Hasil uji mikroba kontaminan Salmonella dan E. coli menunjukkan hasil negatif untuk ketiga sampel. Hasil organoleptik menunjukkan bahwa keju (1:3) dengan lama inkubasi 6 jam paling disukai.

Kata kunci: kacang merah, keju lunak, L. acidophillus

Abstract- Red bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) contains protein which same with the protein in green beans but the fat content on red beans are lower than soybeans and peanuts. In Indonesia, the utilization of red beans in food sectors is not too much, it usually processed by boiling or it used to topping on food. Red bean softcheese can be a new variety of food that be able to enjoyed by different types of people, especially people with lactose intolerant. In this study, red bean was processed into red bean’s milk from the nuts and water with the variety of ratio 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5 (b/v). The result is 1:3 has the highest protein and then thr processes continue with fermentation proccess during 4 hours, 6 hours and 8 hours. The best softcheese contain 6,05% protein, 0,36% fat and 76,27% water content. Moreover, total sugar, reduction sugar, pH, lactic acid concentration before and after the fermentation were also being observed, in which there was a decreases on concentration of total sugar, reduction sugar and pH whereas the lactid acid concentration was increases. The result of microbes test of Salmonella, E. coli and coliforms mikrobes are negatif. The organoleptic test showed that red beans softcheese ratio 1:3 which fermented 6 hours the most preferred by 31 panelists.

Keywords: red beans, softchessee, L. acidophillus