ANALISIS RATA-RATA TOTAL HARGA OBAT ANTIHIPERTENSI DAN ANTIDIABETES PADA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI DAN DM TIPE 2 DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH SIDOARJO SELAMA PERIODE TAHUN 2011-2012
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Keywords:
Hipertensi, Diabetes Mellitus tipe II, kelas perawatan, rekam medis, harga Obat
Abstract
Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai analisis rata-rata total harga obat antidiabetes dan antihipertensi pada penderita hipertensi dan diabetes mellitus tipe II di berbagai kelas rawat inap di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Sidoarjo selama periode tahun 2011-2012. Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan suatu penelitian non eksperimental yang bersifat analisis deskriptif dengan metode pengambilan data yang bersifat restrospektif. Adapun tujuan utama dari penelitian ini ialah guna menganalisis perbandingan rata-rata total harga obat antihipertensi dan antidiabetes menurut kelas perawatannya. Sebagai data penelitian utama yang digunakan adalah data rekam medis penderita dengan diagnosis hipertensi dan diabetes mellitus tipe II yaitu sebanyak 61 data rekam medis yang diambil dari keseluruhan populasi. Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan, diperoleh hasil rata-rata (mean) total harga obat antidiabetes dan antihipertensi pada tiap penderita hipertensi dan diabetes mellitus tipe II adalah sebesar: Rp 396.157,- pada Kelas I, Rp 190.586,- pada Kelas II, dan Rp 242.599,- pada Kelas III. Perhitungan dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji analisis statistik metode Kruskal Wallis Test dengan nilai p = 0.380. Jadi, perbandingan rata-rata total harga obat antihipertensi dan antidiabetes pada berbagai kelas perawatan di RSUD Sidoarjo adalah berbeda tidak signifikan secara statistik (p >0.05).
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References
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Anief M, 2003, Manajemen farmasi, Gadjah Mada University Press, hal 114-115.
Aram V, 2003, The Seventh Report of the Joint Nasional Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, on Treatmrnt of High Blood Preasure, 7th ed, USA
Benowitz, Neal L., 2001, Obat Antihipertensi, dalam Farmakologi Dasar dan Klinik, Buku 1, Salemba Medika, Jakarta, 269
Bootman JL, et al., 2005, Priciples of Pharmacoeconomics, 3th ed, Harvey Whitney Books Company, USA
British Nasional Association, 2007, BNF 53 BMJ Publishing Group, Tavistock Square, London
British Hypertension Society, 2004, Guidelines for Management of Hypertension: Report of the Fourth Working Partry of the British Hypertension Society-BHS IV, Nature Publishing Group, UK
Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 2007, PERMENKES
Dewi S, 2011, 9 Penyakit Mematikan Mengenali Tanda & Pengobatannya, Smart, Yogyakarta
Genest J, McPherson R, Frohlich J, Anderson T, Cambell N, Carpentier A, et al., 2009, Canadian Cardiovascular Society/Canadian guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemia and prevention of cardiovascular
disease in the adult
Goodman and Gilman’s, 2001, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 10th ed, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc, United States of America Graber A, 2006, Buku Saku Dokter Keluarga, EGC, Jakarta
Ives, Harlan E., 2007, Obat-obat Diuretik, dalam Farmakologi Dasar dan Klinik, Buku 1, Salemba Medika, Jakarta, 446
Katzung and Trevor’s, 2009, Pharmacology Examination & Board Review, 6th ed, The McGraw Hill Companies, USA.
Kumar, Parven, et.al, 2002, Clinical Medicine, 5th ed., W.B Saunders, London., p.818-819.
Mancia giuseppe, Guy de backer, Dominiczak Anna, Cifkova Renata, Fagard
Robert, 2007, European Heart Journal - The Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC).
Mansjoer A,. dkk, 2001, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Penyakit Dalam Indonesia, PB PAPDI, Jakarta
McPhee S.J, Ganong W.F, 2006, Pathophysiology of Disease fifth edition: An Introduction to Clinical Medicine, McGraw-Hill Companies Inc., United States of America.
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Michocki, Robert, et.al, 2005, Hypertensive Emegencies, dalam Applied Therapeutics: The Clinical Use of Drugs, 8th ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 21-1
Mohanty, Rina, et.al, 2007, Management of Hypertension in Diabetes Mellitus, Journal Indian Academy of Clinical Medicine, Vol.2 No.1, Januari-Maret 2007, Cuttack, India.
Mycek J. Mari, 2001, Farmakologi Ulasan Bergambar, Widya Medika, Jakarta Opie, Lionel H., et.al, 2005, Drugs for the Heart, 6th ed., Elsevier Saunders, Philadelphia, USA
Padmawinata K, 2008, Pengendalian Hipertensi Laporan Komisi Pakar WHO, Penerbit ITB, Bandung, hal 13,46,58.
Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, nomor HK 02.02/MENKES/068/2010
Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia No. 340/Menkes/Per/III/2010 tentang Pengertian Rumah Sakit 2010, Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan (online), diakses 17 Februari 2012
PERKENI (Perkumpulan Endokrinologi Indonesia), 2006, Konsensus Pengelolaan dan Pencegahan Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Indonesia, Cetakan Pertama, PB.Perkeni
Price and Wilson, 2006, Konsep Klinis dan Proses-Proses Penyakit, ed 6, EGC, Jakarta
Riset Kesehatan Dasar (RISKESDAS), 2007, Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, Jakarta
Sanchez LA, 1999, Evaluation and use of Pharmacoeconomics, Amj Health-Syst Pharm
Saseen and Carter, 2005, Hypertension Pharmacotherapy And Pathophysiologic Approach, 6th ed, The McGraw-Hill Company, New York
Shankie S, 2001, Hypertension in Focus, Pharmaceutical Press, London
Siauw, Soen I., 1994, Tekanan Darah Tinggi atau Hipertensi, Dabora Publishers, Solo
Sugiyono, 2005, Statistika Untuk Penelitian, Alfabeta, Jakarta
Sustrani, Lanny, et.al, 2004, Diabetes, Cetakan Kedua, PT.Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Jakarta
Tjay, 2002, Obat-Obat Penting, PT Gramedia, Jakarta Tim Penyusun Naskah ISO Indonesia, 2005, Informasi Spesialite Obat Indonesia, Volume 40, ISFI (Ikatan Sarjana Farmasi Indonesia), Jakarta
Tim Penyusun Farmakologi dan Terapi, 2007, ed 5, FKUI, Jakarta
Undang-Undang Kesehatan No. 36, 2009, PERMENKES
U.S Departement of Health and Human Services, 2004, The Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure, USA
Weibert, Robert T., et.al, 2000, Hypertension dalam Textbook of Therapeutics Drug and Disease Management, 7th ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, USA
Widian N, 2009, Deteksi Dini Kolesterol, Hipertensi&Stroke, Millestone
Witter, Sophie, et.al, 2000, Health Economics for Developing Countries: A Practical Guide, 17
Published
2013-09-20
Section
Bidang Farmasi (F)
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