PENGARUH PARAMETER PROSES BUBUT TERHADAP LAJU PEMBUANGAN MATERIAL DAN KEKASARAN PERMUKAAN PADA DRY MACHINING BAJA AISI 1045
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Abstract
Abstract—Currently, machining, especially in the turning process using coolant fluids, is widely utilized in manufacturing. Coolant fluids are employed to reduce machining temperatures resulting from friction, especially at the cutting tool, which can lead to reduced tool lifespan, faster wear, and increased surface roughness. However, the positive impact of coolant usage is often accompanied by negative consequences. Dry Machining serves as an alternative machining method to achieve desired machining results. The machining parameters involved are cutting speed (V), feed depth (a), and feed rate (f) in the roughing process for AISI 1045 steel. This study aims to investigate the influence of these machining parameters on Material Removal Rate (MRR) and surface roughness (Ra) in dry machining. The experimental design adopts a three-level full factorial approach. From the Ra data, the highest independent influence is observed in (f) with a 0.7174 μm increase in Ra for each level. Regarding parameter interaction, the highest influence on Ra is the interaction between (f) and (a), with a 0.012 μm increase for each level. In terms of MRR data, the highest independent influence is (V) with a 26,407.810 mm3/min increase for each level. The highest interaction influence on MRR is the interaction between (a) and (V), resulting in a 6,778,575 mm3/min increase for each level.
Keywords: dry machining, surface roughness, material removal rate, AISI 1045, three-level full factorial
Abstrak—Saat ini, pemesinan khususnya pada proses bubut menggunakan cairan coolant umum digunakan dalam manufaktur. Cairan coolant digunakan untuk mengurangi temperatur pemesinan akibat gesekan yang dihasilkan selama pemesinan, terutama pada pahat. Panas tersebut dapat menyebabkan pengurangan umur pahat, keausan yang lebih cepat, dan peningkatan kekasaran permukaan hasil pemesinan. Namun, dampak positif penggunaan coolant sering kali disertai dampak negatif. Dry Machining menjadi alternatif pemesinan untuk mencapai hasil pemesinan yang diinginkan. Parameter pemesinan yang digunakan adalah kecepatan potong (V), kedalaman pemakanan (a), dan gerak pemakanan (f). Jenis proses bubutnya adalah roughing. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh parameter pemesinan bubut terhadap MRR dan Ra pada dry machining AISI 1045. Desain eksperimen dilakukan dengan three-level full factorial. Dari data Ra, pengaruh tertinggi secara independen adalah f sebesar 0,7174 μm terhadap Ra. Sedangkan secara interaksi parameter, pengaruh tertinggi terhadap Ra adalah interaksi f dengan a. sebesar 0,012 μm. Dari data MRR,, menunjukkan pengaruh tertinggi secara independen adalah V, sebesar 26.407,810 mm3/min. Secara interaksi antar parameter, pengaruh tertinggi terhadap respon MRR adalah interaksi a dan V sebesar 6.778,575 mm3/min. Secara keseluruhan, jika dry dibandingkan dengan wet machining cenderung memberikan Ra yang lebih baik karena adanya pendinginan. Namun, pilihan tersebut harus mempertimbangkan aspek biaya dan dampak lingkungannya.
Kata kunci: dry machining, kekasaran permukaan, laju pembuangan material, AISI 1045, three-level full factorial
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