UJI EFEKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK NIGELLA SATIVA L. TERHADAP BAKTERI ESCHERICHIA COLI SECARA IN VITRO
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Abstract
Abstract—Infectious diseases remain a significant public health problem. One infectious disease can be caused by Escherichia coli. However, currently there is increasing resistance of Escherichia coli to several antibiotics. This has led to an increase in demand to develop new antibiotics that can overcome the development of resistance. Medicinal plants have enormous potential in the discovery of bioactive compounds that can fight resistant microorganisms. Nigella sativa L. is one such medicinal plant known for its antibacterial properties. The seed extract of Nigella sativa L. was obtained using the maceration method, resulting in four different concentrations: 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 100%. These extracts were tested against Escherichia coli bacteria isolated on Mueller Hinton Agar media using the disk diffusion method. Nigella sativa L. seed extract with aquadest solvent produced average inhibition zone diameters of 0mm; 0mm; 0mm; 7mm, while with n-hexane solvent it produced average inhibition zone diameters of 0mm; 0mm; 0mm; 8.375mm at concentrations of 12.5%; 25%; 50%; 100%. The antibacterial activity of Nigella sativa L. seed extract was most effective at 100% concentration for both solvents. This study found no significant difference in antibacterial effectiveness between the aquadest and n-hexane solvent extracts of Nigella sativa L. against Escherichia coli.
Keywords: nigella sativa L., rscherichia coli, antibacterial
Abstrak—Penyakit infeksi masih menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang penting. Salah satu penyakit infeksi dapat disebabkan oleh Escherichia coli. Namun, saat ini ada peningkatan resistensi Escherichia coli terhadap beberapa antibiotik. Hal ini menyebabkan peningkatan permintaan untuk mengembangkan antibiotik baru yang dapat mengatasi perkembangan resistensi. Tanaman obat memiliki potensi besar dalam penemuan senyawa bioaktif yang dapat melawan mikroorganisme resisten. Nigella sativa L. adalah salah satu tanaman obat yang dikenal memiliki sifat antibakteri. Ekstrak biji Nigella sativa L. diperoleh menggunakan metode maserasi, menghasilkan empat konsentrasi berbeda: 12,5%, 25%, 50%, dan 100%. Ekstrak-ekstrak ini diuji terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli yang diisolasi pada media Agar Mueller Hinton menggunakan metode difusi cakram. Ekstrak biji Nigella sativa L. dengan pelarut aquadest menghasilkan diameter zona hambat rata-rata 0mm; 0mm; 0mm; 7mm, sedangkan dengan pelarut n-heksana menghasilkan diameter zona hambat rata-rata 0mm; 0mm; 0mm; 8,375mm pada konsentrasi 12,5%; 25%; 50%; 100%. Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak biji Nigella sativa L. paling efektif pada konsentrasi 100% untuk kedua pelarut. Penelitian ini menemukan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan dalam efektivitas antibakteri antara ekstrak pelarut aquadest dan n-heksana dari Nigella sativa L. terhadap Escherichia coli.
Kata kunci: nigella sativa L., escherichia coli, antibakteri
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