Membandingkan Kejadian Gangguan Gastrointestinal Penggunaan Aminofilin dan Salbutamol pada Pasien Eksaserbasi Asma di Surabaya
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Abstract
Abstract—Asthma is a heterogeneous disease, which is characterized by inflammation of the respiratory tract with respiratory classification such as wheezing, shortness of breath, distress in the chest and coughing over time and intensity with variations in expiratory air flow. In Indonesia the prevalence of asthma is uncertain, it is not estimated that 2-5% of Indonesia's population has asthma. The main objective of this study is to study gastrointestinal-related cases of the use of aminophylline and salbutamol in asthma exacerbation patients in hospitals in Surabaya and also to discuss gastrointestinal problems related to ADRs (Bad Drug Reactions) using the use of aminophylline and salbutamol on Naranjo scale. In this study using the Quasi Experimental method. This research was conducted in October 2014 to February 2015. The results of the study of 7 samples obtained 14.29% using ADR from the use of aminophylline and from 13 patients in the use of salbutamol was not found ADR can be used in accordance with the existing salbutamol in patients with asthma exacerbations at hospitals in Surabaya. The general benefits of this study are useful in monitoring the treatment of acute asthma patients who need salbutamol and theophylline therapy so as to reduce the incidence of ADR.
Abstrak—Asma merupakan penyakit heterogen, yang ditandai dengan peradangan saluran napas kronis dengan disertai riwayat gejala pernapasan seperti mengi, sesak napas, rasa tertekan di dada dan batuk dari waktu ke waktu dan intensitas dengan variasi keterbatasan aliran udara ekspirasi. Di Indonesia prevalensi asma belum diketahui secara pasti, namun diperkirakan 2-5 % penduduk Indonesia menderita asma. Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan kejadian gangguan gastrointestinal pada penggunaan aminofilin dan salbutamol pada pasien eksaserbasi asma di Rumah Sakit di Surabaya serta mengetahui kejadian gangguan gastrointestinal terkait ADRs (Adverse Drug Reaction) akibat penggunaan aminofilin dan salbutamol berdasarkan penilaian Naranjo scale. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode Quasi Eksperimental. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Oktober 2014 sampai Februari 2015. Hasil penelitian dari 7 sampel diperoleh 14,29% mengalami ADR dari penggunaan aminofilin dan dari 13 pasien pada pengguanaan salbutamol tidak ditemukan ADR sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan kejadian gangguan gastrointestinal pada penggunaan aminofilin dan salbutamol pada pasien eksaserbasi asma di Rumah Sakit di Surabaya. Manfaat umum dari penelitian ini adalah berguna dalam monitoring pengobatan pasien asma akut terutama yang mendapat terapi salbutamol dan teofilin sehingga dapat mengurangi angka kejadian ADR.
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