Sirih Merah (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav.) Kajian Pustaka Aspek Botani, Kandungan Kimia, dan Aktivitas Farmakologi
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Abstract
Sirih merah (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav.) banyak dimanfaatkan masyarakat untuk pengobatan, antara
lain: hipertensi, radang liver radang prostat, radang mata, keputihan, maag, kanker payudara, nyeri sendi,
penurun dan pengontrol kadar gula darah, serta untuk kosmetika. Berdasarkan hal tersebut telah banyak dilakukan pengujian praklinik untuk melakukan kajian kandungan kimia, serta aktivitas farmakologi dari tanaman ini. Kajian pustaka menunjukkan bahwa Sirih merah merupakan salah satu jenis Piper yang tersebar di beberapa wilayah di dunia, termasuk Indonesia. Tanaman ini mengandung minyak atsiri (monoterpen, seskuiterpen), alkaloid, flavonoid (golongan auron), tanin-polifenol, steroid, dan senyawa neolignan, sedangkan pengujian farmakologi menunjukkan bahwa tanaman ini mempunyai aktivitas antiinflamasi, antimikroba, antifungi, antihiperglikemik, antiproliferasi, dan antioksidan.
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