Pengaruh Telefarmasi Terhadap Kepatuhan dan Target Pengobatan Pasien DMT2
Abstract
Telefarmasi adalah pelayanan kefarmasian yang mana apoteker dan pasien tidak pada tempat dan waktu yang sama. Telefarmasi menggunakan fitur WhatsApp (WA) diharapkan memberi informasi, konsultasi, dan pemantauan terapi obat (PTO) terhadap perilaku pasien dalam penggunaan obat, yaitu kepatuhan dan pengaruhnya terhadap ketercapaian target gula darah puasa (GDP) dalam pengelolaan DM tipe 2 (T2DM). Tujuan riset ini adalah melihat pengaruh telefarmasi menggunakan WA terhadap kepatuhan dan target GDP pasien T2DM di Apotek Pulosari Surabaya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan kuantitatif dengan pra-experimental one group pretest-posttest design. Sampel ditentukan secara total sampling memperhatikan kriteria penelitian. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner Brief Medication Questionnare (BMQ), untuk menilai hambatan kepatuhan pasien dan menghitung jumlah obat (pill counts) serta pengukuran GDP menggunakan glukometer oleh peneliti yang dilakukan pre-post intervensi selama 30 hari. Hasil pill counts sebelum intervensi menunjukkan 61,29% pasien tidak patuh. Setelah intervensi telefarmasi terdapat peningkatan kepatuhan, pasien yang tidak patuh senilai 24,19%. Hasil BMQ sebelum intervensi 82,26% sedangkan setelah intervensi terdapat penurunan hambatan kepatuhan 27,42%. Hasil pemantauan GDP setelah intervensi sebanyak 83,87% pasien mencapai target GDP. Setelah intervensi telefarmasi terdapat peningkatan ketercapaian target, dimana pasien yang belum mencapai target sebesar 16,13%. Pelayanan telefarmasi yang diberikan apoteker dapat menurunkan hambatan pasien dalam mengikuti rejimen terapinya dan signifikan meningkatkan kepatuhan dan ketercapaian target dalam pengobatan T2DM.
Telepharmacy is a pharmaceutical service using WhatsApp (WA) feature to provide information, consultation, and drug therapy monitoring to the patients, adherence and it’s effect on fasting blood glucose targets achievement in the management of type 2 DM (DMT2). The aim is to see telepharmacy effect using WA on adherence and achievement the target of T2DM patients at the Pulosari Pharmacy, Surabaya. This research used quantitative with pre-experimental one group pretest-posttest design. The sample was determined total sampling considering the research criteria. Data collection used Brief Medication Questionnare (BMQ), to assess patient’s adherence barriers by pill counts and measuring blood glucose with glucometer before and after intervention during 30 days. The results before intervention was 61.29% patients did not comply. After intervention, there was 24.19% of patients who did not comply. The results of the BMQ before intervention was 82.26% and there was a decrease after intervention in compliance barriers 27.42%. Monitored blood glucose after intervention was 83.87% of patients reached the target. After the intervention, patients who had not reached the target was 16.13%. Telepharmaceutical services provided by pharmacists can reduce patient barriers in followingtheir therapy regimens and significantly increase adherence and target achievement in the treatment of T2DM.
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