Potensi Sinergisme Kombinasi Senyawa Turunan Benzofenon dan Seskuiterpenoid Daun Gaharu (Aquilaria sp.) sebagai Antibakteri Penyakit Kulit
Abstract
Tanaman gaharu dikenal memiliki beberapa khasiat dalam pengobatan tradisional, sebagai bahan baku kosmetik, dan lain sebagainya. Pada penelitian ini, ekstrak n-heksan, etil asetat dan etanol, serta fraksi n- heksan daun gaharu dilakukan uji aktivitas antibakteri kulit, yaitu terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis. Pene- litian ini terdiri atas tahapan: ekstraksi bertingkat dengan pelarut yang berbeda kepolaran, skrining fitokimia, fraksinasi, isolasi dan uji aktivitas antibakteri dengan metode difusi cakram. Skrining fitokimia ekstrak n-heksana daun gaharu mengandung senyawa triterpenoid dan steroid, ekstrak etil asetat daun gaharu mengandung senyawa tanin, steroid dan flavanoid dan ekstrak etanol daun gaharu mengandung senyawa tanin, triterpenoid, saponin dan flavanoid. Uji aktivitas antibakteri yang dilakukan selama 24 jam dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak 100 ppm, 50 ppm fraksi dan dua kandidat isolat serta kombinasinya yang diduga benzofenon dan seskuiterpenoid dengan rasio perbandingan uji (1:1), (1:3) dan (3:1). Pada hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa potensi penghambatan pertumbuhan bakteri S.epidermidis terbaik pada ekstrak n-heksan 50 ppm dan fraksi etil asetat 50 ppm. Dua kandidat isolat seskuiterpenoid 50 ppm menunjukkan adanya aktivitas antibakteri yang lemah, sementara sampel isolat kandidat benzofenon 50 ppm tidak menunjukkan adanya aktivitas antibakteri.
The agarwood plant is known to have several benefits in traditional medicine, the agarwood plant is also used as a raw material for cosmetics, and so on. In this research, agarwood leaf extract of n-hexane; ethyl acetate and ethanolic was used as an antibacterial for Staphylococcus epidermidis. This research consisted of: multilevel solvent of extraction , phytochemical screening, fractionation, isolation and antibacterial activity test using the disc diffusion method. Phytochemical screening the n-hexane extract of gaharu leaves contains triterpenoid and steroid compounds, the ethyl acetate extract of gaharu leaves contains tannin, steroid and flavonoid compounds and the ethanol extract of gaharu leaves contains tannin, triterpenoid, saponin and flavonoid compounds. The antibacterial activity test was carried out for 24 hours with varying concentrations of 100ppm (extract and initial fraction), 50ppm (extract, fraction and two isolates of candidate compounds) and also a combination of two isolates suspected to be benzophenone and sesquiterpenoid (1:1), (1:3 ) and (3:1). The test results showed that the best inhibition of the growth of S.epidermidis bacteria in 50 ppm n-hexane extract and 50 ppm ethyl acetate fractions had good activity. Benzofenon candidate isolate showed weak antibacterial activity, while the 50 ppm benzophenone candidate isolate sample did not show any antibacterial activity.
Submitted: 23-08-2024, Revised: 04-11-2024, Accepted: 23-12-2024, Published regularly: December 2024
Downloads
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Articles published in MPI are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA) license. You are free to copy, transform, or redistribute articles for any lawful purpose in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and MPI, link to the license, indicate if changes were made, and redistribute any derivative work under the same license.
Copyright on articles is retained by the respective author(s), without restrictions. A non-exclusive license is granted to MPI to publish the article and identify itself as its original publisher, along with the commercial right to include the article in a hardcopy issue for sale to libraries and individuals.
By publishing in MPI, authors grant any third party the right to use their article to the extent provided by the CC BY-SA license.