Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Daun dan Batang Etlingera comosa Endemik Sulawesi Tengah Menggunakan Metode ABTS
Abstract
Etlingera comosa adalah jenis tanaman yang unik dan baru ditemukan, berasal dari Tentena, Sulawesi Tengah. Meskipun diyakini bahwa genus Etlingera ini mengandung senyawa antioksidan, belum ada penelitian yang mendalam mengenai spesies Etlingera comosa. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder pada ekstrak etanol daun dan batang tanaman Etlingera comosa, serta mengidentifikasi aktivitas antioksidan yang terdapat pada ekstrak etanol daun dan batang Etlingera comosa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode ABTS (2,2-azinobis 3-etilbenzotiazolin-6-sulfonat) untuk menentukan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol daun dan batang Etlingera comosa. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol tanaman Etlingera comosa pada bagian daun positif mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder golongan flavonoid, alkaloid, steroid dan tanin. Sedangkan bagian batang positif mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder golongan flavonoid, alkaloid, dan tanin. Aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol tanaman Etlingera comosa berdasarkan nilai IC50 bagian daun sebesar 11,75 μg/ml sedangkan bagian batang sebesar 83,11 μg/ml. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun dan batang Etlingera comosa mempunyai senyawa antioksidan serta memiliki aktivitas antioksidan.
Etlingera comosa is a unique and newly discovered plant species endemic to Tentena, Central Sulawesi. Although the Etlingera genus is believed to contain antioxidant compounds, there has been no thorough research on the specific species Etlingera comosa. This study aims to investigate thephytochemical content of the ethanol extract from the leaves and stems of Etlingera comosa, as well as to evaluate its antioxidant activity. The research utilized the ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)) method with UV-Vis spectroscopy, measuring at a wavelength of 751 nm to assess the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract. The findings indicated that the ethanol extract from the leaves of Etlingera comosa tested positive for secondary metabolite compounds, including flavonoids, alkaloids, triterpenoids/steroids, and tannins. In contrast, the stems showed positive results for flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins. The antioxidant activity was quantified using the IC50 value, 11.75 μg/ml for the leaf extract and 83.11 μg/ml for the stem extract. These results demonstrate that the ethanol extracts of both the leaves and stems of Etlingera comosa contain antioxidant compounds and exhibit antioxidant activity.
Submitted: 09-09-2024, Revised: 26-11-2024, Accepted: 29-11-2024, Published regularly: December 2024
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