Kajian Pembentukan Dispersi Padat Atenolol Menggunakan Metode Freeze Drying
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Abstract
Atenolol merupakan obat golongan β1-adrenoblocker selektif yang digunakan untuk mengobati kondisi kardiovaskular seperti hipertensi dan angina pektoris. Namun, atenolol memiliki kelarutan dan permeabilitas yang rendah hal ini dapat membatasi bioavailabilitas oralnya. Salah satu metode yang efektif untuk meningkatkan kelarutan dan laju disolusi obat dengan kelarutan rendah adalah melalui pembentukan dispersi padat. Dispersi padat melibatkan pembawa obat dalam matriks yang bersifat inert dalam keadaan padat, yang dapat meningkatkan kelarutan dan stabilitas obat. Metode freeze drying (liofilisasi) digunakan dalam pembuatan dispersi padat atenolol untuk menghindari dekomposisi termal dan menghasilkan dispersi molekuler yang homogen. Karakterisasi dispersi padat yang dihasilkan meliputi analisis morfologi, identifikasi gugus fungsi, sifat kristalinitas, analisis termal, ukuran partikel, distribusi ukuran partikel, dan potensi zeta. Pada berbagai penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa dispersi padat dapat meningkatkan kelarutan dan laju disolusi atenolol secara signifikan.
Atenolol is a selective β1-adrenoblocker drug used to treat cardiovascular conditions such as hypertension and angina pectoris. However, atenolol has low solubility and permeability, which can limit its oral bioavailability. One effective method to increase the solubility and dissolution rate of drugs with low solubility is through the formation of solid dispersions. Solid dispersions involve drug carriers in an inert matrix in the solid state, which can increase the solubility and stability of the drug. The freeze drying (lyophilization) method is used in the preparation of atenolol solid dispersions to avoid thermal decomposition and produce homogeneous molecular dispersions. Characterization of the resulting solid dispersions includes morphological analysis, identification of functional groups, crystallinity properties, thermal analysis, particle size, particle size distribution, and zeta potential. Various previous studies have shown that solid dispersions can significantly increase the solubility and dissolution rate of atenolol.
Submitted: 05-02-2025, Revised: 10-04-2025, Accepted: 16-05-2025, Published regularly: June 2025
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