[RETRACTED] Profil Faktor Risiko Dan Sosiodemografis Kanker Serviks: Sebuah Kajian Sistematis
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Abstract
Abstract—Cervical cancer is caused by HPV infection type 16 and 18. The risk factors and sociodemographic of HPV transmission is age, parity, number of sexual partners, oral contraceptives, sexual intercourse at young age and education level. The aims is to describe and analyze risk factors and sociodemographic of cervical cancer. This research is a systematic review. There are nine studies that included. The results are the mean age around 31.5-42.8 years old, the number of sexual partners between 0 - ≥ 2, with or without of oral contraceptives, have sexual intercourse at 16-24 years old, have children with 0-8 number of parity, and have an education level between lower - higher education level. This profile of risk factors and sociodemographic can be different between each country depends on culture, government systems and economic status from each country. The conclusion is women aged ≥ 30 years old (mean age around 31,5-42,8 years old) who used or doesn’t used oral contraceptive and have sexual intercourse at young age around 16-20 years old with the number of sexual partner is ≥ 1, also have high number of parity or have ≥ 2 kids and have low education level.
Keywords: cervical cancer, sociodemographic, risk factors
Abstrak—Kanker serviks disebabkan oleh infeksi dari HPV tipe 16 dan tipe 18. Faktor risiko dan sosiodemografis penularan infeksi HPV adalah usia, paritas, jumlah pasangan seksual, penggunaan kontrasepsi oral, melakukan hubungan seksual pada usia muda dan pendidikan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguraikan dan menganalisis faktor risiko dan sosiodemografis kanker serviks. Penelitian ini merupakan sebuah kajian sistematis. Terdapat sembilan literatur yang dikaji. Hasil penelitian adalah rata-rata usia adalah 31,5-42,8 tahun, jumlah pasangan seksual bervariasi antara 0 - ≥ 2 pasang, menggunakan atau tanpa kontrasepsi oral, melakukan hubungan seksual pada usia muda yaitu kisaran 16-24 tahun, memiliki anak dengan jumlah yang bervariasi yaitu antara 0-8 anak, dan memiliki jenjang pendidikan antara pendidikan rendah-pendidikan tinggi. Profil faktor risiko dan sosiodemografis ini dapat berbeda antar tiap negara karena dipengaruhi oleh budaya, sistem pemerintahan dan status ekonomi dari setiap negara. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa profil faktor risiko dan sosiodemografis kanker serviks adalah wanita berusia ≥ 30 tahun (rata-rata usia 31,5-42,8 tahun) yang menggunakan atau tanpa menggunakan kontrasepsi oral dan pernah melakukan hubungan seksual di usia sekitar 16-20 tahun dengan jumlah pasangan seksual yaitu ≥ 1, serta memiliki anak dengan jumlah yang banyak atau ≥ 2 dan tingkat pendidikan rendah.
Kata Kunci: kanker serviks, sosiodemografis, faktor risiko
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