Optimasi Laju Alir Pengeringan Semprot Mikropartikel Asiklovir dengan Kitosan dan Natrium Tripolifosfat

Cynthia Marisca Muntu; Jessica Clarissa Selan; Sadono

Cynthia Marisca Muntu Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Surabaya, Surabaya - Indonesia
Jessica Clarissa Selan Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Surabaya, Surabaya - Indonesia
Sadono Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Surabaya, Surabaya - Indonesia

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Keywords: acyclovir, chitosan, flow rate, microparticles, spray-drying

Abstract

Abstract—The solubility and bioavailability limitations of acyclovir can be addressed through the microparticles formulation using the spray drying (SD) method. In this study, chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate were utilized as cross-linking agents in acyclovir microparticles (MA). This study aims to investigate the influence of SD flow rates on MA formation. The SD flow rates were set at 7.5 (L1), 6.5 (L2), and 5.5 (L3) mL/min. Functional group identification confirmed cross-linking in all MA samples. Melting point and thermal energy parameters analysis revealed differences in endothermic values between chitosan and all samples. The particle diameters of MA in L1, L2, and L3 were 8.03, 8.78, and 8.57 µm, respectively. All MA samples exhibited a roughly spherical shape. The encapsulation efficiency of L1, L2, and L3 ranged from 118.25% to 122.79%. The swelling percentage after 30 minutes reached 178.67%. The lowest moisture content of MA was observed in the L2 sample at 3.27%. The highest yield recovery was obtained in the L2 sample at 47.26%. The dissolution profiles of all samples demonstrated controlled release profile. The SD flow rate influenced encapsulation efficiency, swelling, moisture content, drug release, and yield recovery. The best characteristics of MA were achieved at a flow rate of 6.5 mL/min.

Keywords: acyclovir, chitosan, flow rate, microparticles, spray-drying

Abstrak—Keterbatasan kelarutan dan bioavailabilitas asiklovir dapat diatasi dengan pembentukan mikropartikel menggunakan metode pengeringan semprot (SD). Pada penelitian ini kitosan dan natrium tripolifosfat digunakan sebagai penyambung silang dalam mikropartikel asiklovir (MA). Ekplorasi laju alir SD diperlukan untuk mengoptimalkan karakteristik MA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pengaruh laju alir SD dalam pembentukan MA. Laju alir SD diatur pada variasi 7,5 mL/menit (L1), 6,5 mL/menit (L2), dan 5,5 mL/menit (L3). Identifikasi gugus fungsi membuktikan terjadinya sambung silang pada seluruh sampel MA. Analisa kualitatif berupa parameter titik lebur dan energi termal menunjukkan perbedaan nilai endotherm antara kitosan dengan sampel L1, L2, dam L3. Diameter partikel MA pada sampel L1, L2, dan L3 berturut-turut adalah 8,03 µm, 8,78 µm, dan 8,57 µm. Bentuk partikel ketiga sampel MA adalah sferis dengan morfologi permukaan kasar. Efisiensi enkapsulasi L1, L2, dan L3 berkisar 118,25 % sampai 122,79 %. Prosentase swelling setelah 30 menit mencapai 178,67 %. Kandungan lembap MA terendah diperoleh sampel L2 yaitu 3,27%. Perolehan kembali rendemen tertinggi sampel L2 sebanyak 47,26 %. Profil disolusi ketiga sampel menunjukkan pelepasan bertahap. Laju alir SD mempengaruhi efisiensi enkapsulasi, swelling, kandungan lembap, pelepasan obat dan perolehan kembali. Karakteristik MA terbaik pada laju alir 6,5 mL/menit.

Kata kunci: asiklovir, kitosan, laju alir, mikropartikel, pengeringan semprot

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