Biokomposit Hidrogel dengan Ekstrak Centella asiatica sebagai Penutup Luka
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Abstract
Abstract—When wounds occur on skin, cell regeneration and healing process will occur. Imperfect cell regeneration will end up leaving ugly scars. Any open wounds will have a high chance of being infected, further slowing the healing processes. The bacteria involved in wound infection are as follow: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The usage of current medical adhesive to cover wound has many implications: cannot be used multiple times and untuk may end up resulting in MARSI (Medical Adhesive-Related Skin Injuries). To solve those problems, this research aims to find an alternative wound dressing that are able to solve the problems mentioned earlier. The synthesis of biocomposite hydrogel consists of bacterial cellulose mixed with gelatin with the crosslinker agent glutaraldehyde. The mixture is then given the wild herbs Centella asiatica extract as an active ingredient. It has been found that the best formulation consists of using 10% gelatine: bacterial cellulose paste with the ratio 200:1 with the total glutaraldehyde concentration of 1%. Furthermore, Centella asiatica 10% are not able to penetrate the human model skin, and did not exhibit any antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus.
Keywords: biocomposite hydrogel, nata de coco, bacterial cellulose, gelatine, centella asiatica extract, wound dressing
Abstrak—Ketika luka terjadi pada kulit, regenerasi sel dan proses penyembuhan akan terjadi. Regenerasi sel yang tidak sempurna dapat menghasilkan bekas luka yang kurang enak dipandang. Selain itu, luka terbuka berisiko terinfeksi oleh patogen sehingga penyembuhan akan terhambat. Bakteri yang berperan pada infeksi luka adalah Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus. Penggunaan medical adhesive untuk menutup luka punya banyak kekurangan yaitu penggunaannya tidak bisa dilakukan berulang dan dapat menyebabkan MARSI (Medical Adhesive-Related Skin Injuries), yaitu berbagai komplikasi dan luka pada kulit yang ditempeli dengan produk tersebut. Untuk mengatasi pemasalahan tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan alternatif penutup luka terbaru yang dapat mengatasi permasalahan yang telah disebutkan. Pembuatan hidrogel biokomposit terdiri dari selulosa bakteri yang direaksikan dengan gelatin menggunakan agen crosslinker glutaraldehida. Campuran kemudian ditambahkan bahan aktif dari ekstrak tanaman liar Centella asiatica. Didapatkan formulasi terbaik menggunakan perbandingan 10% gelatin:pasta selulosa bakteri = 200:1 dengan konsentrasi total glutaraldehida sebanyak 1%. Selain itu, ekstrak Centella asiatica 10% juga tidak dapat mempenetrasi model kulit manusia, serta tidak memiliki aktivitas antibakteri baik pada Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, dan Staphylococcus aureus.
Kata kunci: hidrogel biokomposit, nata de coco, selulosa bakteri, gelatin, ekstrak centella asiatica, penutup luka
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